Metalworking includes many processes aimed at changing the parameters of elements to achieve the required characteristics. As a result of such manipulations, it is possible not only to change the shape and size of a component, but also to affect its physical and chemical properties. This is especially important for the creation of parts used in key industries such as mechanical engineering, construction, and the automotive industry.
Today, there are several types of metalworking, each of which is used depending on the goals and objectives. Let's consider the main methods:
Mechanical processing
One of the most common methods of metalworking. This method includes the following processes:
- turning;
- milling;
- drilling;
- threading.
In addition, this includes laser cutting and bending of metal. Mechanical processing involves the use of specialized machines and tools, which allows for high precision in the formation of parts. The work is carried out under the supervision of experienced specialists to achieve optimal results.
Cold processing
Cold processing involves the deformation of the material without heating it above the recrystallization temperature. Under high pressure, the metal changes its shape and improves its mechanical properties. This method is used for forging, stamping and extruding blanks, which are then processed. Cold processing improves the structure and strength of the material without changing its chemical composition.
Hot processing
Unlike cold processing, hot processing involves heating the metal to high temperatures at which it becomes plastic. This significantly simplifies the processes of forging, stamping and rolling, as well as achieving a change in the structure of the metal at the atomic level. Hot processing is used to form large parts and blanks with high strength.
Precision processing
Precision processing is a high-precision process that involves the use of CNC machines. All stages, from the development of the project to direct production, are controlled by a computer. This minimizes errors and produces parts that perfectly meet technical requirements. Precision processing is used to create complex components that require high precision.
Electrical discharge machining
Electrical discharge machining is a method that uses an electric discharge to remove a layer of metal. This process allows for the processing of materials with high hardness and complex geometry, making it indispensable in the production of molds and dies.
Metal Casting
Casting is a process in which molten metal is poured into a mold to create blanks. This method is used to produce parts with complex shapes and ensures high dimensional accuracy. Depending on the type of metal and the final requirements, various casting techniques are used, such as sand casting, chill casting, and die casting.
Workable Materials
Thanks to the flexibility of modern processing methods, it is possible to work with various materials, such as:
- aluminum;
- copper;
- stainless steel;
- carbon steel;
- titanium;
- bronze;
- brass.
Some types of processing allow you to work not only with metals, but also with plastics and composites.